Subsection 74.2(1) - Gain or loss deemed that of lender or transferor
Cases
Holizkivi v. The Queen, 95 DTC 5591 (FCTD)
Rothstein J. accepted that 1/2 of the assets of a proprietorship (and, following its incorporation, entailing the issuance of 99 shares to the taxpayer and one share to his wife) 49 shares of the corporation, were held by the taxpayer under a resulting trust for his wife given that she contributed her earnings, time and, where necessary, working capital, to the business. Accordingly, a later transfer of registered ownership of 49 of the shares from the taxpayer to his wife did not represent a "transfer" for purposes of s. 74(2).
See Also
Zeitler v. Zeitler (Estate), 2010 DTC 5199 [at 7026], 2010 BCCA 216
The taxpayer transferred two properties to her husband. When her husband died intestate (giving rise to a capital gain on the two properties as a result of their deemed disposition under s. 70(5)(a)), the taxpayer received $65,000 plus a third of the residue, with the remaining going to the husband's children. The taxpayer discovered from an accountant that she was liable under the capital gains attribution rule in s. 74.2(1) for $234,888 of capital gains tax on the deemed disposition of the two properties. She applied to the court for an order "holding the Estate liable to pay the [capital gain] Tax based upon [an] implied term to do so, and to indemnify and save harmless [the taxpayer] therefrom."
The court found that there was such an implied term in the agreement for the 2007 transfer of the properties. Low J. stated at para. 36:
Any other view of the issue would mean that, although [the taxpayer] contractually divested herself of all interest in the property, she retained a contingent tax liability that was entirely outside her control and for which she was entitled to receive no corresponding benefit. That view of the contract would destroy its business efficacy.
Saint Pierre v. The Queen, 2008 DTC 3730, 2007 TCC 90
The taxpayer transferred shares of a corporation ("3101") to a management company controlled by him and the management company disposed of a portion of those transferred shares to the taxpayer's wife approximately a year later. Approximately half a year after that, the taxpayer's wife exchanged her shares of 3101 for shares of another class of 3101, following which 3101 was merged with another corporation and the taxpayer's wife disposed of her shares of the merged company to a purchaser at a capital gain.
Tardif J. found that the taxpayer had transferred "by any means whatever" his shares of 3101 by these transactions to his wife, so that s. 74.2(1) applied to attribute the capital gain realized by her to him.
Administrative Policy
27 March 2013 Folio S4-F3-C1
CRA will consider a price adjustment clause to represent pricing at fair market value if:
- the agreement reflects a bona fide intention of the parties to transfer property at FMV;
- the purported FMV is determined by method that is fair and reasonable in the circumstances (which does not necessarily entail using CRA's preferred method, nor engaging a valuation expert);
- the parties agree that a CRA or Court valuation, if any, will supersede the price otherwise determined; and
- the excess or shortfall is actually refunded or paid, or legal liability therefor is adjusted (para. 1.5).
Price adjustment clauses involving shares may use a number of adjustment mechanisms. CRA non-exhaustively mentions changes in redemption value, the issuance of a note or change in the principle amount of a note, or a change in the number of shares issued - although CRA recommends against using the latter because of inherent legal and technical difficulties (para. 1.6).
19 September 1994 T.I. 5-941882
S.74.2(1) (and former s. 74(2)) will not apply to attribute a capital gain on a property to a husband where he transferred the property to his spouse before 1972.
30 October 89 T.I. (March 1990 Access Letter, ΒΆ1159)
Where a condominium was purchased solely out of the funds of the husband but was held in joint tenancy with his wife, any capital gain or loss from the disposition of the wife's portion would be attributed to him.
Subsection 74.2(2) - Deemed gain or loss
Administrative Policy
7 July 1999 T.I. 5-991132
A taxable capital gain arising from an election under s. 48.1 and that is attributed to an individual under s. 74.2(1) will be deemed, for purposes of the capital gains deduction, to have arisen on a disposition by the individual at the time provided in s. 48.1 of the Act (i.e., immediately before the corporation ceased to be a small business corporation). As the reference to "the day" in s. 74.2(2)(b) is not restricted to a specified time, the Department has the flexibility to adopt this position.